Term Papers on Karl Heinrich Marx

Term Paper Title	Karl Heinrich Marx
# of Words	925
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	3.7

Karl Heinrich Marx

     Karl Heinrich Marx was a German economist, philosopher, and revolutionist whose writings form the basis of the body of ideas known as Marxism.  With the aid of Friedrich Engels, he produced much of the theory of modern Socialism and Communism.  As a student at the University of Berlin, young Marx was strongly influenced by the philosophy of George Hegal and by a radical group called Young Hegelians, who attempted to apply Hegelian ideas to the movement against organized religion and the Prussian autocracy.  Marx was also influenced by the teachings of Ludwig Feuerbach.  In Feuerbach's The Essence of Christianity, Feuerbach argued that God had been invented by humans as a projection of their own ideals.  Feuerbach wrote that man, however, in creating God in his own image, had "alienated himself from himself." He had created another being in contrast to himself, reducing himself to a lowly, evil creature who needed both church and government to guide and control him. If !
religion were abolished, Feuerbach claimed, human beings would overcome their alienation.  Marx applied both the ideas of Feuerbach and Hegelian into developing his philosophy of Marxism.
     After receiving a Doctorate in Philosophy in 1841,  Marx became editor of the Rheinische Zeitung in Cologne, a liberal democratic newspaper for which he wrote increasingly radical editorials on social and economic issues.  The newspaper was banned by the Prussian government in 1843, and Marx left for Paris with his bride, Jenny von Westphalen.  There he went further in his criticism of society, building on the Young Hegelian criticism of religion.  In 1845, Marx moved to Brussels, and in 1847 he went to London.  He had previously made friends with Friedrich Engels who, like himself, had been a Young Hegelian.  They collaborated on a book, The Holy Family which was a criticism of some of their Young Hegelian friends for their stress on alienation.  In 1845, Marx jotted down some notes which he and Engels enlarged into a book, The German Ideology  in which they developed their materialistic conception of history.  They argued that human thought was determined by social and econ!
omic forces, particularly those related to the means of production.  They developed a method of analysis they called Dialectical Materialism, in which the clash of historical forces leads to changes in society.
     In 1847, a London organization of workers invited Marx and Engels to prepare a program for them. It appeared in 1848 as the Communist Manifesto.  In it they declared that all history was the history of class struggles.  Under capitalism, the struggle between the working class and the business class would end in a new society, a communist one.  The outbreak of the Revolutions of 1848 in Europe led Marx to return to Cologne, where he began publication of the Neue Rheinische Zeitun...

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