Term Papers on Cognition And Language

Term Paper Title	Cognition And Language
# of Words	829
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	3.32

Cognition and Language

EMANUEL KAKAOUNAKIS
CHAPTER 7
COGNITION & LANGUAGE

HUBBLE TELESCOPE
     -PROBLEM SOLVING
     -COGNITION PSYCHOLOGY
     -COGNITION
     -THINKING & REASONING
     -LANGUAGE

THINKING
     -ONLY HUMANS CAN CONTEMPLATE, ANALYZE, RECOLLECT OR PLAN
     -THINKING= THE MANIPULATION OF MENTAL REPRESENTATION OF INFO
     -REPRESENTATION= WORD, VISUAL IMAGE, SOUND OR OTHER DATA
     -REPRESENTATIONS TRANSFORM INTO A DIFFERENT FORM TO ALLOW PROBLEM SOLVING
     -WE DO NOT REALLY KNOW HOW THIS HAPPENS
     -WE DO UNDERSTAND FUNDEMENTAL ELEMENTS

MENTAL IMAGES
     -NOT JUST VISUAL BUT AUDITORY AS WELL AS OTHER SENSES
     -HAVE MANY OF THE PROPERTIES OF THE ACTUAL OBJECT OR EVENT
     -WE ARE ABLE TO MANIPULATE THE VISUAL IMAGE OF AN OBJECT
     -CAN BE USED TO IMPROVE VARIOUS SKILLS
     -BASKET BALL TRAINING
     -REASERCH INDICATES THAT IT WORKS
     -PIANO LESSONS, THREE GROUPS, SIMILAR BRAIN SCANS

CONCEPTS
     -ORGANIZE PHENOMENA INTO SIMPLE CATEGORIES
     -CLASSIFY NEW EXPIERIENCE ACCORDING TO PAST EXPIERIENCE
     -CAR, MAKE AND MODEL
     -INFLUENCE OUR BEHAVIOR, WHAT IS APPROPRIATE
     -EARLY REASERCH, CLEARLY DEFINED SET OF FEATURES FOR EACH CATEGORY, WITHOUT FEATURES OBJECT DID NOT FIT
     -MORE RELEVENT TO OUR LIVES ARE MORE AMBITIOUS, DIFFICULT TO DEFINE
     -THINK OF AMBIGUOUS CONCEPTS WE THINK OF AN EXAMPLE
     -EXAMPLE= PROTOTYPES, EXAMPLES OF CONCEPTS THAT MOST PEOPLE WILL AGREE
     -ALLOWS US TO THINK ABOUT THE WORLD

JUDGEMENTS
     -WASH HANDS 20X PER DAY
     -DOCTOR OR MENTAL PATIENT
     -FRAME WORK WE EXPIERIENCE THE BEHAVIOR
     -CONCEPTS ALLOW US TO DRAW APPROPRIATE CONCLUSIONS

REASONING
     -PROCESS BY WHICH INFORMATION IS USED TO DRAW CONCLUSIONS AND MAKE DECISIONS DEDUCTIVE
     -DRAW INFERENCES FROM A SET OF ASSUMPTIONS THAT ARE TRUE
     -SYLOGISM
     -PREMISE CAN BE INNACURATE
     -EVEN IF THE LOGIC IS CORRECT THE PREMISE CAN BE WRONG
     -EVEN IF LOGIC IS NOT SOUND PEOPLE WILL BELIVE IT
     -CULTURE PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE

INDUCTIVE
     -USING A SPECIFIC EXAMPLE WE MAKE GENERAL RULES
     -SHERLOCK HOLMES, SPECIFIC CLUES, INFER THE CRIMINAL
     -WE ALL USE INDUCTIVE REASONING

MENTAL SHORT CUTS
     -ALOGRITHM, RULE IF FOLLOWED WILL GUARANTEE A SOLUTION, WE MAY NOT UNDERSTAND WHY, MATH FORMULAS
     -HEURISTIC, A RULE OF THUMB, MAY BRING ABOUT A SOLUTION BUT NO GUARENTEE

HEURISTIC
     -CAN BACKFIRE
     -REPRESENTATATIVE OF HEURISTIC, JUDGE PEOPLE ACCORDING TO A CATEGORY, LEAD TO PREJUDICE
     -MURDER VS DISEASE\ PLANE VS AUTO

PROBLEM SOLVING
     -TOWER OF HANOI PUZZLE
     -HOW DO WE SOLE LIFES SIMPLE DAY TO DAY PROBLEMS
     -THREE MAJOR STEPS
     -PREPARATION
     -PRODUCTION OF SOLUTIONS
     -EVALUATIONS OF EACH SOLUTION

PREPARATION
     -UNDERSTANDING THE PROBLEM, ANY RESTRICTIONS, WELL DEFINED, MATH OR ILL DEFINED PROBLEMS, PEACE IN THE MIDDLE EAST
     -DEFINED, WELL DEFINE DINFORMATION, JUDGEMENT STRAIGHT FORWARD
TYPES OF PROBLEMS
     -ARRANGEMENT, GROUP OF ELEMENTS MUST BE ARRANGED TO SATISFY CRITERIA, JIG SAW PUZZLE
     -INDUCING STRUCTURE, IDENTIFY THE RELATIONSHIP AMO...

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