Networks

Term Paper Title	Networks
# of Words	926
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	3.7

Networks

                             PROXY SERVER

A process providing a cache (A small fast memory holding recently
accessed data, designed to speed up subsequent access to the same data.
Most often applied to processor-memory access but also used for a local
copy of data accessible over a network etc.) of items available on
other servers (a program which provides some service to other client
programs) which are presumably slower or more expensive to access.

This term is used particularly for a World-Wide Web server (An Internet
client-server hypertext distributed information retrieval system which
originated from The European Laboratory for Particle Physics, High-Energy
Physics laboratories in Geneva, Switzerland) which accepts URLs (Uniform
Resource Locator which are often used in HTML documents to specify the
target of a hyperlink which is often another HTML document or possibly
stored on another computer) witha special prefix. When it receives a
request for such a URL, it strips off theprefix and looks for the
resulting URL in its local cache. If found, it returns the document
immediately, otherwise it fetches it from the remote server, saves a copy
in the cache and returns it to the requester. The cache will usually have
an expiry algorithm (A detailed sequence of actions to perform to
accomplish some task) which flushes documents according to their age,
size, and access history.

                              PROXY GATEWAY

A computer and associated software which will pass on a request for a URL
from a World-Wide Web browser such as Mosaic to an outside server and
return the results. This provides clients that are sealed off from the
Internet a trusted agent that can access the Internet on their behalf.
Once the client is properly configured, its user should not be aware of
the proxy gateway.
A proxy gateway often runs on a firewall machine (A dedicated gateway
machine with special security precautions on it, used to service outside
network, especially Internet, connections and dial-in lines). Its main
purpose is to act as a barrier to the threat of crackers. It may also be
used to hide the IP addresses of the computers inside the firewall from
the Internet if they do not use official registered network numbers.

                                WINDOWS NT

Windows New Technology - Microsoft's 32-bit operating system developed
from what was originally intended to be OS/2 3.0 before Microsoft and
IBM ceased joint development of OS/2. NT was designed for high end
workstations (Windows NT 3.1), servers (Windows NT 3.1 Advanced Server)
and corporate networks.
The first release, Windows NT 3.1, price UKP 395, was in September 1993,
after having been in beta-test for as long as anyone could remember.
Unlike Windows 3.1, which was a graphical environment that ran on top of
MS-DOS, Windows NT is a complete operating system. To the user it looks ...

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