Term Papers on Ibuprofen

Term Paper Title	Ibuprofen
# of Words	797
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	3.19

Ibuprofen

Abstract

The project that I chose to research was the effect of Ibuprofen on the heart
rate of the daphnia.  The reason that I chose to do this was because many people
in society use over the counter pain killers without really understanding any of
the long term effects of this medicine other than clearing their aches pains,
and swelling.  One of the leading drugs on the market today is Ibuprofen which
you may know as Motrin or Advil.  Both drugs are identical except for quantity
and price, and even there it might be the same.  The organism I chose to work
with is a crustacean called the Daphnia.  Later in this report I will attempt to
explain the significance of that organism and why I chose to conduct tests on it.
I then, with the information at my disposal, conjured a hypothesis which I would
test.  Using the materials at hand I, to the best of my ability tested my
hypothesis.  In conducting the tests I  created graphs and tables of my work. At
the conclusion of my experiment I came up with an answer that was almost
unpredictable with the information that I was using.  Although this was a crude
experiment, I believe that I did gain a lot from it.

Introduction
     The drug that I chose, Ibuprofen, is an anti-inflammatory analgesic.  It
is propionic acid that is white and powdery, and soluble in water, and organic
solvents such as ethanol and acetone. (1)  Its structural formula is:
(CH3)2CHCH2                                       CH(CH3)COOH
     Its role of action as a drug is not completely clear to the sciences,
but that with time will change.   One thing we do know is that people who have
allergies to Aspirin should not take this medicine. (2)
      As of now we know that it may play a role in prostaglandin synthesis
inhibition.  (1)  Prostaglandin are hormonal like substances that form in animal
tissue from polly unsaturated fatty-acids. (3)  They do affect several body
systems including the central nervous,  gastrointestinal, urinary, and endocrine
systems.  It has been shown to have very minor effects on smooth muscle
contraction and the clotting ability of blood which we are concerned with.(4)
Excesses of these substances may cause pain, inflammation, and fever.
     It is also an analgesic which is used to reduce or eliminate pain
without causing a loss of consciousness. (4)  Another name for these substances
which we all know of is a painkiller.
     A water flea or Daphnia, is a member of the subclass Brachiopod, in the
order Cladocera.  They are found in the plankton of open water. (5)  What I was
concerned with the Daphnia was the fact that they are transparent organisms.
Observing their inner organs is done with ease and what I mainly focused on was
the heart.
     The almost colorless blood of the Daphnia flows anteriorly from the
heart to the hem...

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